Author Dominik

The so-called “hub-and-spoke configuration” is a colloquial name for a centralized VPN structure which uses a single tunnel to reroute traffic; one networking pivot to rule them all, whereby “rule” means host a... Read More...

The most widely adopted protocol that leverages Triple DES encryption to ensure data confidentiality is ESP, short for “Encapsulating/Encapsulated Security Payload.” Along with the Authentication Header (AH)... Read More...

Client-server Internet key exchange goes through user datagram protocol port 500, 4500, or both. This is a direct result of IPSec being an integral part of the IKEv2 specification. It’s also why e.g. ESP com... Read More...

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is arguably the most widely used VPN protocol that doesn’t just play nicely with web apps but is pretty much designed around the notion of having a healthy developer community. Tha... Read More...

If you’re already connected to a domain, then the most sensible road to graduating to an active tunneling node is paved with the shapes of good ol’ manual edits made directly to Group Policy Preferences. In ... Read More...

Most other types of private networks exist for the sole purpose of making computer connectivity more readily accessible. While a *virtual* private network can most certainly do that as well (that’s pretty much ... Read More...

By being a component of the IPv4 enhancement, the IP security (IPSec) protocol suite operates as (not “at” - as) the so-called layer 3 of an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The said structure has s... Read More...

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP), itself an augmentation of the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP), is a VPN protocol that leverages User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port 1701. Unfortunately, it does n... Read More...

Symmetric key encryption and public-key encryption are the basis for any VPN, no matter how modest or convoluted, and that's the answer to your question.  These are paired with at least one of the following ... Read More...

A secure client-server connection based on a trusted certificate is the main prerequisite for any VPN service based on the IPSec specification. The process of creating this link is so important that it has i... Read More...

Such a scenario tends to go hand-in-hand with a variety of security issues due to a limit on the number of concurrent tunneling nodes any given client can handle at once. In other words, a VPN system may be dea... Read More...

Tunneling protocols allowing for two-way data traffic encryption are the basis of any and every virtual private network. Countless doctorates have already been written on the subject of cryptography, not to ... Read More...